How Many Different Sorts of Currents do we learn in Electronic Engineering?

 

Types of currents learn in electronic engineering

Direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC) are the two major forms of current. Alternating current flows in two directions, whereas direct current flows in only one. A direct current moves electrons in only one direction. Batteries generate direct current. Electrons move in both directions in alternating current.

Types of Current

The movement of charged particles across a conducting media, such as a wire, is characterised as current. When engineers from top engineering college in Jaipur discuss electricity, the charged particles they are referring to are nearly invariably electrons, which are a component of electricity. As a result, there are two types of electric current, which include the following:

Direct Current (DC)

DC current is current that flows in one direction at a constant rate. In a closed-circuit loop, both electrons travel in the same direction around the loop. The majority of circuits connected to the battery create this type of current. This is because batteries are intended to only enable electrons to travel in one direction through a conducting wire (as opposed to flowing through the battery itself, in the opposite direction) from their anode (negative terminal) to their cathode (positive terminal). The frequency of Direct Current is ZERO since it travels in the same direction.

Alternating current (AC)

Alternating current is an electrical current whose direction and value change over time (AC). The value of AC current grows in one direction from ZERO to MAXIMUM and then decreases to ZERO, and then increases in the opposite direction from ZERO to MAXIMUM and returns to ZERO. The graph defined by the students of top electronics engineering colleges in Jaipur of AC resembles a wave because of the growth in both directions. This is known as a sine wave. In Alternate Current or AC, there are 50 such cycles or waves in ONE second. The AC is PHASE on one side and NEUTRAL on the other.

Other Types Of Current

1. Steady Current - A constant current (also known as a steady current, time-independent current, or stationary current) is a form of direct current (DC) that does not alter in intensity over time.
2. Instantaneous Current - It referred to the present value at a specific point in time. Charging and discharging currents are the two forms of current. The rate of flow varies with time in this case, which is measured in milli seconds.
3. Varying Current - The magnitude of the stream varies with time, but the direction remains constant.

What Is Electrical Current?

Electrical current defines the flow of electrons in an electric circuit, where a complete circuit can be thought of as a closed loop. Electrons that move through a closed loop of an electric circuit are in the “current” that can be thought of as a type of charge. All of the current that moves in a closed loop of the circuit is considered a complete “current” for the students of best engineering college in Jaipur. Current basically flows from an object’s negative to its positive. It is measured with the use of either ammeters or resistors.

The Value Of Current

Current is the measure of the number of charges moving through an allotted time. Generally, the larger the current, the greater the charge moving through a given time. It is often denoted by amperes (abbreviated as amps). 1 amp (or 1 A) is equal to one ampere. For example, a 10-amp fuse or light bulb has 1 A of current flowing through it.

What Consist Of Electrical Current?

The SI unit of electric current is Ampere (A), 1 ampere is the amount of current when there is a flow of 1 coulomb of charge passing through a cross-section in 1 second.

Metals consisting of electric wires and other electronic equipment like copper, gold, and aluminium have many free electrons, which are responsible for the majority of the current flow. But in some semiconductors, depending on the type of dopant used, there can be positive charge carriers that flow in the opposite direction of that of electrons. In other cases, there can be both positive ions and negative electrons present at the same time as in a chemical battery. Therefore, there will be confusion among the students of engineering colleges in the direction of flow of current. Hence a convention for the flow of current was introduced, which states that the direction of flow of current is in the positive direction, i.e., opposite to that of the flow of electrons.

Current Transformers Of Various Types

The Current Transformer (C.T.) is a sort of "instrument transformer" that creates an alternating current proportionate to the current measured in its main winding in its secondary winding. Current transformers reduce high voltage currents to a tolerable level, allowing a standard ammeter to track the actual electrical current flowing in an AC transmission line safely. A simple current transformer differs from a traditional voltage transformer in that it operates on a different principle.

Bar, wound, and toroidal current transformers are the three types of current transformers.

1. Bar-type Current Transformer - This sort of current transformer's primary winding is the main circuit's actual cable or bus bar, which is comparable to a single switch. They are typically bolted to the current-carrying unit and are entirely protected from the high operating voltage of the system.
2. Wound Current Transformer - The primary winding of the transformer is physically linked in series by the students of private engineering colleges in Jaipur with the circuit's current conductor. The magnitude of the secondary current is determined by the transformer's turn ratio.
3. Toroidal Current Transformer - A toroidal current transformer does not have a primary coil. Instead, a line threaded through a window or hole in the toroidal transformer carries the current flowing through the network. Some current transformers include a "split heart" that allows them to be opened, assembled, and closed without disrupting the circuit they are attached to.

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