How can we Prevent Fragmentation in Networking?

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 Prevent Fragmentation in Networking

Hackers have been employing this cyber attack for many years, also internet providers now have way more means to prevent it, but cybercriminals still use it as a low-hanging fruit.

How does IP fragmentation work?

Best Engineering Colleges of Jaipur Rajasthan says to understand IP fragmentation attacks, you need to understand IP fragmentation and to understand IP fragmentation, you need to understand packet switching.

What is packet switching?

Some devices send data in IP packets of a specific size so this is called packet switching also packet switching can be connection-based or connectionless. Connection-based packet switching delivers and receives data in a predetermined order and establishes a communication route beforehand and connectionless packet switching is when every data packet is self-sufficient and routed independently rather than in a pre-arranged path. These packets are called datagrams so datagrams travel in random order, that’s why this less-structured communication method, can be used to launch attacks on servers.

What Is Fragmentation?

Top Engineering College in Jaipur Rajasthan has many courses like this so IP fragmentation is the process of dividing a datagram into smaller chunks of information called packets also These need to be of a specific size so that the receiving parties could process them and transfer data successfully and You can think of this requirement as a work desk – there’s only so much stuff you can fit on it at once before things start falling off, so all these packets are then reassembled by the receiving party so they can understand the data they got so If the datagram is too big, a server can either drop it or re-fragment the packet.

What is an IP fragmentation attack?

The attack uses IP fragmentation to disrupt services or disable devices also which makes it a denial of service (DoS) attack there are many forms of IP fragmentation attacks, also they generally involve sending datagrams that will be impossible to reassemble upon delivery so the goal is to abuse servers’ resources and prevent them from performing the operations they are supposed to.

Some IP fragmentation attacks:

1. Tiny fragment attack.

There are IP packet consists of a header and a payload also a header contains the information directing the packet to its destination, while the payload is a body of data it carries towards it and a tiny fragment attack occurs when a tiny packet fragment gets into the server, also this happens when one of the fragments are so small that it can’t even fit its header, so Part of that packet’s header is sent as a new fragment that’s why this can cause reassembly problems and shut down a server.

2. UDP (User Datagram Protocol) and ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) fragmentation attacks.

In this servers are flooded with oversized or otherwise corrupt packets that they must reject, also this can quickly overload a server’s resources and prevent it from performing its intended operations.

3.TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) fragmentation attack (or teardrop attack)

Some Teardrop attack uses packets designed to be impossible to reassemble upon delivery also they can be incomplete or overlapping and It is usually directed towards defragmentation or security systems Private Collage of Engineering in Jaipur Rajasthan says without proper protection, these packets can cause an operating system to freeze or crash as it unable to process them.

4. Prevent Yourself from IP Fragmentation Attacks:-

You can minimize the risk of an IP fragmentation attack by employing one of these methods, also Inspect incoming packets using a router, a secured proxy server, firewalls, or intrusion detection systems and Make sure that your OS is up to date and has all the latest security patches installed, so you can block fragmented IP packets by cutting your connection with anyone who sends them. There are some benign connections (e.g., mobile devices) that use fragmented packets, so disabling them might cause disruptions for your traffic a multi-layered approach works best in this case and we recommend using the first two methods for the best balance of protection and connectivity.

Conclusion

BTech College of Engineering in Jaipur Rajasthan teaches that To avoid IP fragmentation also, you must determine the size of the IP packets to send over the network and two approaches are generally used; path MTU discovery and setting maximum segment size (MSS) so this technique is used to identify MTU end-to-end to prevent packet fragmentation.

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